Rifaximin is a non-systemic, gut-selective rifamycin-class antibiotic with minimal systemic absorption (<0.4%). Its localised action in the gastrointestinal tract delivers broad-spectrum antibacterial activity while minimising systemic adverse effects and resistance concerns. Indicated for the reduction in risk of overt hepatic encephalopathy recurrence in adults, treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea (IBS-D) in adults, and treatment of travellers’ diarrhoea caused by non-invasive strains of Escherichia coli.